Books/Writings
- On the Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection
- The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex
- The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals
Charles Darwin
English
Naturalist. His theory of natural selection, popularly called evolution, was meant as a contribution to biology, not ethics, but quickly influenced moral philosophy. Some proponents, emphasizing competition rather than cooperation in natural selection, suggested that "survival of the fittest" somehow glorified egoism or doctrines of "might is right." Others used Darwin's work to try to debunk the Bible and Christianity, although the Biblical account of creation is surprisingly in accord with at least the chronology of evolution, if not the timetable.